Whakamōhio mai:
He mea nui te paipa porowhita i roto i ngā kaupapa hanganga maha, tae atu ki ngā paipa hinu me te hau, ngā pūnaha tuku wai, me ngā tono hanganga. Pērā i ngā hua hangarau katoa, me whai i ngā whakaritenga motuhake kia pai ai te whai hua me te pono o ēnei paipa. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka rukuhia e mātou ngā āhuatanga uaua ongā whakaritenga paipa porowhita kua whakarewainahei whakarato i tētahi aratohu whānui hei whakapai ake i te māramatanga ki tēnei hua ahumahi nui.
1. Te whakamāramatanga me ngā painga:
Te tikanga hanga opaipa porowhita kua whakarewainaKo te mahi he whakarewa i te rīpene maitai wera kua hurihia kia rite ki te āhua porowhita mā te hanga porowhita tonu. Ka honoa ngā taha rīpene mā te whakamahi i te whakarewa pewa ruku rua-taha (DSAW) hei hanga i tētahi paipa kaha-nui me te pakari ake me te ātete ki te whakarerekētanga. Ko ngā painga matua o te paipa porowhita kua whakarewahia ko te hanganga pai rawa atu, te kaha ōrite i te roanga o te paipa, me te kaha ki te tu atu i ngā pēhanga o roto teitei.
2. Te whānui me te matotoru o te pakitara:
Kei roto i ngā whakaritenga o ngā paipa whakarewa porowhita ngā tawhā maha, ko te mea tino nui ko te whānui me te matotoru o te pakitara o te paipa. Ka whakawhirinaki ēnei ine ki te whakamahinga me ngā āhuatanga whakahaere e hiahiatia ana. I te nuinga o te wā, he nui ake te whānui o ngā paipa whakarewa porowhita i ngā paipa whakarewa hononga-kore, i te nuinga o te wā mai i te 8 inihi ki te 126 inihi (203.2 ki te 3200 mm) neke atu rānei. Ko te matotoru o te pakitara mai i te 6 mm ki te 25.4 mm neke atu rānei.
3. Te kounga maitai me te hanganga matū:
He mea nui te whiriwhiri i te kounga o te maitai me te hanganga matū ki te whakatau i ngā āhuatanga hangarau me te ātete ki te waikura o ngā paipa porowhita kua whakarewaina. Ko ngā kounga maitai e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā paipa porowhita ko te raupapa API 5L X, ngā taumata ASTM A252 2 me te 3, me ngā taumata ASTM A139 B me te C. Ka whakatauhia ēnei taumata maitai i runga i te kaha hua me te waro ōrite hei whakarite i te mahi tino pai i roto i ngā tono motuhake.
4. Te whakamātautau me te tirotiro:
Hei whakarite i te kounga me te pono o ngā paipa whakarewa porowhita, ka piri tonu ngā kaihanga ki ngā tikanga whakamātautau me te tirotiro tino pakari. Ko ngā whakamātautau matua e mahia ana ko te whakamātautau wai-pūmau, te whakamātautau kore-whakangaro (pēnei i te tirotiro ultrasonic, te tirotiro radiographic rānei) me te whakamātautau miihini (te whakamātautau kume, te whakamātautau hua me te pānga). Mā ēnei whakamātautau ka tutuki i ngā paipa ngā paerewa kaha, rahi me te turuturu e hiahiatia ana.
5. Paninga me te tiaki mata:
Hei tiaki i ngā paipa porowhita kua whakarewahia mai i te waikura me ētahi atu āhuatanga o waho, he maha ngā kōwhiringa paninga mata e wātea ana. Kei roto i ēnei paninga ko te epoxy, te enamel tāra waro, te polyethylene rānei, me ētahi atu. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tiaki cathodic pēnei i te anodes patunga tapu, i ngā pūnaha iahiko whakauru rānei hei tiaki i ngā paipa.
Hei whakamutunga:
He mea nui te mārama ki ngā whakaritenga o ngā paipa whakarewa porowhita mō ngā kaihangarau, ngā kaiwhakahaere kaupapa me ngā kaipupuri whai pānga e whai wāhi ana ki ngā kaupapa hanganga. Mā te whakaaro ki te whānui, te matotoru o te pakitara, te kounga maitai, te whakamātautau me te tiaki mata, ka taea e koe te whakarite kia tutuki te paipa i ngā paerewa mahi e hiahiatia ana. Ehara i te mea ka roa te ora me te haumaru o tō pūnaha paipa anake te tutuki i te whakatutukitanga tika o ngā ture, engari ka whakarite hoki i te kawe pono o ngā wai, ngā hau me ētahi atu rauemi. Mā te aro ki ngā taipitopito, ka taea e ngā kaihangarau me ngā kaipupuri whai pānga te whakatutuki i ngā putanga kaupapa angitu me te whakatutuki i ngā paerewa me ngā ture ahumahi e hiahiatia ana.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-11-2023