Ngā Pūnaha Paipa Whai Hua – Ngā Paipa Rino Whakarewahia Porowhita

Whakaahuatanga Poto:

He mea nui ngā paipa maitai porowhita kua whakapirihia ki te hanganga me te tiaki i ngāpaipa waikeris. Nā te kaha o te hanganga me te roa o te ora, ko ēnei paipa te pou tuarā o te hanganga kawe waipara me te waipara whai hua, pono hoki.

Tukua mai he īmēra ki a mātou

Taipitopito Hua

Ngā Tohu Hua

Ko te tukanga hanga ongā paipa maitai porowhita kua whakapirihiaKo te tikanga he whakamahi i ngā tikanga motuhake hei hanga i ngā rīpene maitai kia rite ki te āhua porowhita, kātahi ka honoa ngātahi hei hanga i tētahi paipa kaha. Mā tēnei tukanga ka puta he paipa tino kaha, tino pono hoki, ā, he mea tino pai mō te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga pakari o ngā paipa waipara.

Diameter o Waho Ingoa		Matotoru Pakitara Ingoa (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Taumaha mō ia waeine Roa （kg/m）
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
（325）		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
（377.0）		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
（426.0）		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
（478.0）		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
（529.0）		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
（630.0）		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
（720.0）		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
（820.0）		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
（920.0）				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
（1020.0）				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
（1220.0）				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
（1420.0）						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
（1620.0）						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
（1820.0）						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
（2020.0）										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
（2220.0）										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
（2420.0）												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
（2540.0）	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
（2845.0）	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o ngā paipa maitai whakarewa porowhita ko tōna kaha ki te tu atu i ngā taumata teitei o te pēhanga o roto, o waho hoki. Nā tēnei ka pai ai mō te kawe i ngā paru me ngā wai para, nā te mea ka pāngia ngā paipa e te pēhanga me te rere tonu. Hei tāpiri, mā te mata maeneene o roto o ēnei paipa ka pai te whakawhiti wai, ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā aukati me ngā ārai i roto i tepūnaha raina paipa.

Hei tāpiritanga, he tino ātete ngā paipa rino whakarewa porowhita ki te waikura me ētahi atu āhuatanga taiao. He mea nui rawa tēnei i roto i ngā mahi waikeri e pāngia ana ngā paipa e ngā huānga waikura me ngā matū kaha. Mā te pakari o ēnei paipa ka roa te ora o te mahi, ka whakaiti i te hiahia mō te whakakapinga me te tiaki auau, ā, ka mutu ka penapena utu mō ngā kaiwhakahaere pūnaha waikeri.

Haunga te pakari me te ātete, he tino maha ngā whakamahinga o ngā paipa maitai kua whakapirihia ki te porowhita, ā, ka taea te whakarite kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te kaupapa. E wātea ana i roto i ngā momo rahi me ngā matotoru, e āhei ai te hoahoa me te tāutanga ngāwari. Ahakoa he kaupapa whakaora iti, he whakawhānui nui rānei i te pūnaha para, ka taea te whakarite i ēnei paipa kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia motuhake o te tono.

Mā te tāutanga pai o ngā paipa whakarewa porowhita ka āwhina i te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga whānui o tō pūnaha paipa waikeri. Nā te māmā o te hoahoa me te ngāwari o te whakahaere, ka taea te tāuta tere me te haumaru i ēnei paipa, ka whakaiti i te wā hanga me ngā utu mahi. He tino painga tēnei i ngā taiao tāone nui e tino hiahiatia ana te wāhi me te wā.

Hei tāpiritanga, mā te maeneene me te ōrite o ngā hononga o ngā paipa porowhita kua honoa, ka kore e turuturu te mahi, ka ārai i te ngaronga o ngā waipara me ngā waipara whai hua, me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te parahanga taiao. He mea nui tēnei pono hei pupuri i te pono o te pūnaha waipara me te whakarite i te kawe wai haumaru me te whai hua.

I te mea kei te haere tonu te whanaketanga o te hangarau me ngā rauemi ki te akiaki i te auahatanga i roto i te umanga hanga, he mea nui tonu ngā paipa maitai porowhita kua whakapirihia ki te whanaketanga me te tiaki i ngā pūnaha paipa waikeri. Nā te kaha o te mahi, te pakari me te maha o ngā whakamahinga kua whakamātauhia, he mea tino pai ēnei mō ngā miihini me ngā kaihoahoa e whai kawenga ana ki te waihanga i ngā hanganga pumau me te pakari.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, mā te whakamahi i ngā paipa rino kua whakapirihia ki te porowhita ka āwhina i te hanga i tētahi pūnaha paipa waikeri pakari, whai hua hoki. Nā te kaha, te roa me te ātete ki te waikura, me te ngāwari hoki o te tāutanga, he mea pai mō te kawe i te waikeri me te waipara. I te mea kei te tipu haere tonu te hiahia mō ngā hanganga waipara pono, pumau hoki, ka whai wāhi tonu ngā paipa rino kua whakapirihia ki te porowhita ki te whakatutuki i ēnei hiahia nui.